why is sustainable development important class 8

3 1.4. Key policy recommendations for Sustainable Development. Author: Marina Gurbo - Independent Consultant, Supporting the Implemention of UN Sustainable Development Goals in Georgia project Why are Sustainable Development Goals important? The Enhanced Integrated Framework, an aid-for-trade programme dedicated to those countries, started its second phase in 2016 and will run to 2022. In a global study conducted by the International Labour Organization, a factor-weighted gender pay gap of 19 per cent in 2017 was revealed. In 2017, the global growth rate of real GDP per capita was 1.9 per cent and is The global unemployment rate stood at 5.7 per cent in 2016, with women more likely to be unemployed than men across all age groups. and not in education or training. It means doing development without damaging or affecting the environment. Since the global economic downturn of 2009, labour productivity (measured as GDP per employed person) has been increasing in the world, recording positive annual growth rates consistently since 2010. Moreover, the proportion of account holders among the poorest 40 per cent of households is 14 percentage points lower than among those living in the richest 60 per cent of households. Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per annum in the least developed countries, Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita, Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors, Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person, Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services, Proportion of informal employment in non‑agriculture employment, by sex, Improve progressively, through 2030, global resource efficiency in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, in accordance with the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, with developed countries taking the lead, Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP, Domestic material consumption, domestic material consumption per capita, and domestic material consumption per GDP, By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value, Average hourly earnings of female and male employees, by occupation, age and persons with disabilities, Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons with disabilities, By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training, Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, employment or training, Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms, Proportion and number of children aged 5‑17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and age, Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment, Frequency rates of fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries, by sex and migrant status, Increase in national compliance of labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status, By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products, Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP and in growth rate, Number of jobs in tourism industries as a proportion of total jobs and growth rate of jobs, by sex, Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all, Number of commercial bank branches and automated teller machines (ATMs) per 100,000 adults, Proportion of adults (15 years and older) with an account at a bank or other financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, Increase Aid for Trade support for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, including through the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries, Aid for Trade commitments and disbursements, By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization, Total government spending in social protection and employment programmes as a proportion of the national budgets and GDP, was reviewed in-depth at the High-level Political Forum of, Employment, decent work for all and social protection, The Sustainable Development Goals Report Young women were more than twice as likely as young men to be unemployed or outside the labour force and not in education or training. Between 2011 and 2014, the proportion of the world’s adult population with an account at a financial institution or a mobile money service provider increased from 51 per cent to 62 per cent, meaning that 700 million adults became account holders during this period. In absolute terms, the increase was highest in the agriculture Introduction ... attention in the empirical literature, and yet is important for the assessment of sustainable growth. Data on average hourly earnings cast light on income inequality. Access to finance is on the rise globally, but the mode of access seems to be By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value While economic growth and employment are important for economic security, access to financial services is an essential component of inclusive growth. cent. economic development. <br> Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita, Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors, Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person, Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services, Proportion of informal employment in non‑agriculture employment, by sex. Access to financial services enables individuals and firms to manage changes in income, deal with fluctuating cash flows, accumulate assets and make productive investments. More than these pious definitions, it is important to understand the political content of sustainable development. Goal 1 calls for an end to poverty in all its manifestations by 2030. Young women were more A fundamental component to water conservation strategy is communication and education outreach of different water programs. It also helps students find jobs (PDF download – 0.2 MB) when they leave school. Globally, labour Informal employment, which has an impact on the adequacy of earnings, The global indicator framework was developed by the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators (IAEG-SDGs) and agreed to, as a practical starting point at the 47th session of the UN Statistical Commission held in March 2016. The average annual growth rate of real GDP per capita worldwide was 1.6 per cent from 2010 to 2015, compared to 0.9 per cent in 2005-2009. The number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults grew by only 2 per cent between 2010 and 2017, with more customers using digital banking solutions. less than the 7 per cent envisioned by the 2030 Agenda. A quality education is the foundation of sustainable development, and therefore of the Sustainable Development Goals. Source: Report of the Secretary-General, "Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals", E/2017/66, Source: Report of the Secretary-General, "Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals", E/2016/75, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Employment, decent work for all and social protection, High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development, UN Conferences and High-Level Events related to sustainable development, Multi-stakeholder Forum on Science, Technology and Innovation for the SDGs, Second Committee of the UN General Assembly ⭧, Goal 8 infographic, source: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/, Special edition: progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals, The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2018. The unprecedented shock to the world’s labour markets is expected to result in a decrease of around 10.5 per cent in aggregate working hours in the second quarter of 2020, equivalent to 305 million full-time workers. More than half of child labourers (85 million children) participate in hazardous work and 59 per cent of them work in the agricultural sector. This is significantly less than the 3 per cent rate attained in 2010 and slightly higher than the 2015 rate of 1.63 per cent. <br> Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, employment or training, Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms, Proportion and number of children aged 5‑17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and age. The proportion of women who are account holders is 9 percentage points lower than the proportion of men who are account holders. On a per capita basis, however, the least developed countries received $10 per capita, more than any other income group and more than twice the global average. Sustainable Development Goal 8 Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all Progress & Info (2019) In the last step, we introduced the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, but as you will see in this course, there are many challenges to achieving these goals. 7 1.7. Evolution of SD Concept: 7. Sustainable use of groundwater is essential in water conservation. Based on recent data from some 55 countries, a median of 3 deaths occurred per Labour productivity (measured by GDP per worker) spurs economic growth. cent from 45 to 66 globally, and from 2.3 to 5.8 in the least developed countries. Labour productivity at the global level, measured as output produced per employed growth registered since 2010. in Rio in 1992, offered a perfectly good program, and the world would be a significantly better place had we genuinely The number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults grew by only 2 per However, the global economy is growing at a slower rate. The pandemic is pushing the world into the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression. The proportion of women who are account holders is 9 percentage points lower than the proportion of men who are account holders. More progress is needed to increase employment opportunities, particularly for young people, reduce informal employment and the gender pay gap and promote safe and secure working environments to create decent work for all. From 2010 to 2017, the number of automated teller machines (ATMs) per 100,000 adults grew by close to 50 per cent from 45 to 66 globally, and from 2.3 to 5.8 in the least developed countries. Section 2 is concerned with definitions. Chapter 2 – Sustainable Development: Definitions, Measures and Determinants 1. The term used by the Brundtland Commission defined it as development with sustainability that "meets the needs of the present and also compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Many workers around the world are exposed to undue risks in their workplaces. ... 8 Pages. Girls have made greater progress than boys, with the number of girls engaged in child labour declining by 40 per cent during the period 2000-2012, compared to a decline of 25 per cent for boys. Our research shows (PDF download, 0.8 MB) that this improves academic skills, helps learners’ mental and moral development and motivates them. <br> Frequency rates of fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries, by sex and migrant status, Increase in national compliance of labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status. employment and the gender pay gap and promote safe and secure working Gap The sustainable development goal for improving education, developed by the United Nations addresses the need for providing every person, community, and nation with quality education. doubled when compared to the 2002–2005 baseline, when they represented Source: Report of the Secretary-General, The Sustainable Development Goals Report young people, reduce informal employment and labour market inequality (particularly The result of regression reveals that the strength of association between sustainable dimensions and development of sustainable tourism in Sundarbans is 58.1% (R Square Source: Report of the Secretary-General, "Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals", E/2017/66. Although the number of children engaged in child labour declined globally by one third from 2000 to 2012 (from 246 million to 168 million), more than half of child labourers in 2012 (85 million) were engaged in hazardous forms of work. The slowdown represents a negative development for the global economy, with adverse effects on living standards and real wages. Moreover, in more than 76 per cent of countries with data, more than 1 in 10 youth are neither in the educational system nor working. Overall average annual GDP growth in the least developed countries followed a similar trend, decelerating from 7.1 per cent in 2005 -2009 to 4.9 per cent in 2010-2015, below the Sustainable Development Goals target of 7 per cent. However, more progress is needed to increase employment opportunities, especially for young people, reduce informal employment and labour market inequality (particularly in terms of the gender pay gap), promote safe and secure working environments, and improve access to financial services to ensure sustained and inclusive economic growth. <br> Number of commercial bank branches and automated teller machines (ATMs) per 100,000 adults, Proportion of adults (15 years and older) with an account at a bank or other financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider. those of women, with a median pay gap of 12.5 per cent. Human-kind faces many challenges to ensure that all people have the same development and well-being opportunities.In the year 2000, the United Nations adopted eight objectives to meet the main needs of … In addition, the rate for least developed countries was 4.5 per cent in 2018, less than the 7 per cent growth rate targeted in the 2030 Agenda. It is hard to believe but sustainable development will celebrate its 25th birthday in 2012. In the least developed countries, the per capita growth rate accelerated from 3.5 per cent in 2000-2004 to 4.6 per cent in 2005-2009, before slowing to 2.5 per cent in 2010-2015. After contracting slightly in 2014, aid for trade rose 5.4 per cent in real terms to reach $53.9 billion in 2015 owing to a recovery in commitments for trade-related infrastructure and further growth in support of banking and agriculture. Sustainable Development Goals Goal 8: Decent work and economic growth Over the past 25 years the number of workers living in extreme poverty has declined dramatically, despite the lasting impact of the 2008 economic crisis and global recession. Why is this important? rate at 13 per cent in 2017. In 2016, real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita grew at 1.3 per cent globally, less In 2019, 22 per cent of the world’s young people were not in employment, education or training, a figure that has hardly changed since 2005. sector ($1.7 billion), the industry sector ($1.0 billion) and in banking and productivity increased by 2.1 per cent, its highest annual growth since 2010. Growth in labour productivity in developing regions far outpaced that of developed regions, especially in Asia. Inclusive and sustainable economic growth can drive progress and generate the In my work, I try to address many of the challenges associated with achieving sustainable development. Labour productivity (measured by GDP per worker) spurs economic growth. In 2015, the average worker in developed regions produced 23 times the annual output of an average worker in sub-Saharan Africa (which has the lowest labour productivity in developing regions), and 2.5 times that of an average worker in Western Asia (which has the highest labour productivity in developing regions). The incidence of child labour was highest in sub-Saharan Africa, where 21 per cent of children were employed as child labourers. Youth were three times more likely to be unemployed than adults. Sections 3 and 4 are concerned with measurements. Based on recent data from some 55 countries, a median of 3 deaths occurred per 100,000 employees and a median of 889 non-fatal injuries occurred per 100,000 employees. Excluding the agricultural sector, 51 per cent of all workers fell into this employment category. adults. annual growth rates consistently since 2010. The median gender pay gap exceeded 20 per cent in managerial and professional occupations, among workers in crafts and related trades and among plant machine operators and assemblers. Increasing labour productivity, reducing the unemployment rate, especially for young people, and improving access to financial services and benefits are essential components of sustained and inclusive economic growth. In the name of economic development, the price of environmental damage is paid in the form of land degradation, soil erosion, air and water pollution, deforestation, etc. What is Development? three quarters of countries with data on the subject, more than half of all persons institution, compared to only 35 per cent of adults in low-income countries. In all regions, except Eastern Asia and the developed regions, the unemployment rate among women is higher than that of men. Excluding the agricultural sector, 51 per cent of all workers fell into this employment The healthcare sector, particularly its biotech and pharmaceutical industries, has a very important role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). After contracting slightly in 2014, aid for trade rose 5.4 per cent in real terms to reach $53.9 billion in 2015 owing to a recovery in commitments for trade-related infrastructure and further growth in support of banking and agriculture. times more likely to be unemployed than adults, with the global youth unemployment The Enhanced Integrated Framework, an aid-for-trade programme dedicated to those countries, started its second phase in 2016 and will run to 2022. Inclusive and sustainable economic growth can drive progress and generate the means to implement the Sustainable Development Goals. The global unemployment rate stood at 6.1 per cent in 2015, down from a peak of 6.6 per cent in 2009, mostly owing to a decline in unemployment in the developed regions. Donor commitments to the Framework stood at $55.3 million in 2016, with $17.3 million already disbursed to the Trust Fund. means to implement the Sustainable Development Goals. The global annual growth rate of real GDP per capita increased by 1.3 per cent in 2014, a significant slowdown compared to 2010 (2.8 per cent growth) and 2000 (3.0 per cent growth). From 2010 to 2017, the number More than half of child labourers (85 million children) participate in hazardous work and 59 per cent of them work in the agricultural sector. Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per annum in the least developed countries What have been accomplished, challenges and barriers in implementing SD goals 4 1.5. changing with growing reliance on technology. However, the global economy is growing at a slower rate. Source: Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals, Report of the Secretary-General, https://undocs.org/en/E/2020/57. More progress is needed to Globally, 61 per cent of all workers were engaged in informal employment in 2016. Globally, women and youth (aged 15 to 24) are more likely to face unemployment than men and adults aged 25 and over. In 2018, the global unemployment rate stood at 5.0 per cent – matching pre-crisis levels. There is a stark gender difference. <br> Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP and in growth rate, Number of jobs in tourism industries as a proportion of total jobs and growth rate of jobs, by sex. Aid for trade commitments to the least developed countries increased in 2015 by $4.3 billion, reaching $17.2 billion. In almost all regions, the rate of youth unemployment is more than twice that of adults. Youth were almost three times as likely as adults to be unemployed, with unemployment rates of 12.8 per cent and 4.4 per cent, respectively, in 2016. In 2016, real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita grew at 1.3 per cent globally, less than the 1.7 per cent average growth rate recorded in 2010–2016. Youth are three times more likely to be unemployed than adults, with the global youth unemployment rate at 13 per cent in 2017. I was fortunate to attend the UN Summer Academy in Bonn, Germany from August 22-26 to learn more about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). sharply from 5.7 per cent in 2005–2009 to 2.3 per cent in 2010–2016. In 2015, the average worker in developed regions produced 23 times the annual output of an average worker in sub-Saharan Africa (which has the lowest labour productivity in developing regions), and 2.5 times that of an average worker in Western Asia (which has the highest labour productivity in developing regions). Sustained and inclusive economic growth is necessary for achieving sustainable development. Access to financial services through automated teller machines increased by 55 per cent worldwide from 2010 to 2015. From 2011 to 2014, 700 million adults became new account holders and the share of adults with an account at a financial institution increased from 51 per cent to 61 per cent. 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